&&电脑前的你—警惕&&“久坐”带来新兴的职业病!
潜伏在职场的新兴职业病!
新兴职业病正“潜伏”在职场 困扰着白领
电脑前的你—警惕“久坐”带来的危害
　　穿西服打领带、夹着笔记本电脑出入高大气派写字楼的白领一族们常引来人们羡慕的目光，殊不知这些“精英”们正被“白领职业病”所侵扰。
　　近日，京华时报进行了一项“白领职业病”调查。调查结果显示，有“眼睛疲劳”和“颈肩部酸痛”症状的白领最多，分别占到18.70%和17.52%，其次是“经常抑郁”和“腰痛”，均超过了10%。
　北京中医药大学第三附属医院手足外科主任陈兆军告诉记者，门诊中经常遇到办公室一族因为肩周炎、颈椎病、腱鞘炎及腰痛等病症来求医。对于现代职场白领来
说，电脑已经成为离不开的“亲密伙伴”，经常在电脑前一坐就是几个小时，由电脑带来的一些看似时髦实则痛苦万分的新疾病则悄悄“爬”上身来：鼠标手、键盘
腕、屏幕脸、颈椎病……
　　调查中记者发现，在“你有以下的这些病症吗？”的10个选项中，不少人是“十项全能”，包括颈、肩部酸痛、咽喉炎、经常抑郁、便秘、慢性胃炎、痔疮、失眠、腰痛、眼睛疲劳、口腔溃疡在内的10个症状“一个也不缺”。
　见招拆招远 离八大白领“职业病”
　　干眼症
　　职场白领长时间盯着电脑屏幕，眼睛不仅发红、充血，还干涩、怕光，甚至伴有灼痛感和异物感。
　　对策：每隔一个小时要休息10分钟，看看窗外，每天做两次眼保健操。眼睛向下注视，可以减少眼表暴露于空气，造成泪液蒸发的表面积，预防干眼症发生。
　　颈肩部酸痛
　　白领们大多伏案工作，有些视力不好的还常探着脖子看电脑。这些不良姿势都会使肩颈部的肌肉紧张，甚至痉挛。
　　对策：调高座椅或降低电脑显示屏，以30度的幅度俯视屏幕，这样不仅可使颈部肌肉放松，还可改善脑部供血。尽量避免长时间保持一个姿势，伏案工作一段时间后活动一下头颈，做做颈椎操，让肩颈部肌肉放松。
　　鼠标手
　　长时间使用鼠标，手腕要承受密集、反复、过度的活动，使贯穿手掌部的经络受到压迫，进而导致食指、中指关节疼痛、拇指肌肉无力等。
　　对策：连续使用鼠标半小时就做做手部放松活动，进行握拳、捏指等动作；电脑桌上的键盘和鼠标的高度，最好低于坐着时的肘部高度，使用鼠标时，手臂不要悬空。要尽量靠臂力移动鼠标，不要过于用力敲打键盘及鼠标的按键。另外，可以换个手指敲鼠标。
　　白领们整天呆在封闭的装有空调的写字楼里，室内空气流通不畅，因此经常整个办公室的人集体患上咽炎。
　　对策：经常开窗通风，多参加体育锻炼，养成良好的生活习惯，少吸烟喝酒。多喝凉白开，有条件的还可以用麦冬、胖大海、菊花、枸杞、山楂泡水喝。少吃辛辣刺激食物。还要合理用嗓，注意声带休息。
　　便秘已成为许多白领的难言之隐，一件顺理成章的事，到了他们那里，却成了每天的大难题，连每天情绪的好坏都会被它左右。
　对策：平时应注意多喝水，晨起空腹喝一杯凉开水或蜂蜜水，可刺激胃肠产生排便感，形成早上定时排便的好习惯。平时经常喝一些酸奶，培养肠道有益菌。这些
有益菌可分解酸奶形成有机酸，刺激肠道，使肠的蠕动加强，从而消除便秘。多摄取粗膳食纤维的食物，如莲藕、芹菜、玉米、全麦食品等含粗纤维量高的食物，能
清除肠道污物，刺激肠壁蠕动，防止便秘。
　　长时间坐着，肛门直肠静脉血液回流受到影响，就会引发痔疮。
　　对策：避免保持一个姿势坐太长时间。别吃刺激性的或是辛辣的食物，多吃一些富含纤维素的水果和蔬菜。另外，饮食过饱或是吃的东西太过于精细，也会导致痔疮的形成。
　　工作压力使不少白领提心吊胆、情绪低落，出现抑郁症状。
　　对策：及早自我调适，转移注意力。有计划地做些让身心愉悦的运动，或自学感兴趣的东西，获得一些新的技能，和朋友聚会，在倾诉中获取力量，都可能让抑郁情绪远离。
　　随着社会竞争的日趋激烈和生活节奏的加快，失眠成了白领们的“噩梦”。晚上睡不着，早上醒不来，导致白天头脑昏昏沉沉、思维迟缓、工作效率低下。
　　对策：尽量争取晚上10点就洗漱上床，如果实在每天晚上要到两三点才能入眠，早上也千万不要赖床。早睡早起，坚持不懈，优质的睡眠才有可能回到我们身边。
　&&白领职业病的对付办法
　年轻人对于肩酸背疼等不致于影响工作的症状一般并不在意，由于工作繁忙，更不会想到去医院就诊，这样累积起来，症状很有可能在某一天一下子爆发，成为严
重的疾病。这一情况在IT从业人员中已经出现。为此，专家们对白领职业病进行了归纳，并提出了有针对性的建议。对照一下，你有没有以下症状？如果有，快点
去医院吧……
　　高科技办公室病
　　症状：
　　进入现代化办公室，就会感到胸闷头疼，越到下午，就越是头疼得厉害。莫名其妙地烦恼，浑身不舒服，做事打不起精神来，耳鸣、脑子嗡嗡作响、思维迟钝，爱钻牛角尖。
　　病因：
　　满室的电脑、复印机都在不停地工作，正是它们产生的废气引发头疼等病症。办公室的通风不良也是罪魁祸首。
　　处方：
　经常和复印机打交道的人，要注意把复印机置放在通风较好的房间，必要时还应安装排风扇或通气道，每次操作完毕后，应认真清洗手上的油污。从事电脑工作的
人，可在操作室内安装一台空气负离子发生器；在饮食上宜多补充蛋白质、维生素和磷脂类食品，以增加抗辐射能力；还应每隔一两个小时到室外散散步。
生活习惯不良症
　　症状：
　　提早衰老并出现了糖尿病、高血压及神经衰弱等一些本来与上了年纪的人有关的疾病。　　病因：
　白天工作，晚上应酬，长期睡眠不足会使人加速衰老。另外，不吃早餐不仅将严重伤胃，令人无法精力充沛地工作，也是加速衰老的成因。而因为吃饭成了工作的
一部分，常常在不知不觉中吃得过饱这主要是食物精细，蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物含量高，进食时间长，边吃边饮酒、交谈所致晚餐过饱，对身体害处尤其大。
　　处方：
　应保持充足的睡眠。不要在饱餐后休息，影响晚间睡眠。白领人士不仅要节食，也要讲究饮食清淡，荤素兼顾，如感饥饿，可喝一杯牛奶，吃两三块饼干或一小碗
豆浆。特别注意，不要在运动后立即洗热水澡，这样会使血液往肌肉和皮肤的流量大量增加，剩余的血液不足以供应身体其它器官的需要，尤其是心脏和脑部，导致
心脏病突发和脑缺氧。高血压、体重过重、吸烟过量等有潜在心脏病危机者，更应避免上述情况。
　　颈肩腕综合症
　　症状：
　　在电脑前工作一段时间后，感觉颈、肩部酸痛；脖子忽然不能转；手指和手掌断断续续发麻、刺痛；手掌、手腕或前臂时有胀痛的感觉，晚上尤其严重；拇指伸展不自如，且有疼痛感，严重时手指和手部都虚弱无力。
　　病因：
　　因为长时间从事频繁使用手腕和手指的工作，手腕关节因密集、反复和过度的活动而逐渐形成损伤。偏高的电脑桌和不灵活的鼠标，更加重了操作者颈部、肩部的疲劳，给频繁运动的手臂、手腕带来更大压力。
　　鼠标面积太小、弧度不大，会造成手腕不自然的使用姿势；有的鼠标设计不当需要使用者手腕弯曲来“迁就”它，长期使用就会对肌肉、骨骼造成不同程度的损伤；有的鼠标很容易在滚珠上积聚灰尘，使用时需用力来回拖动……久而久之，造成手腕酸痛。
　　处方：
　　电脑桌上的键盘和鼠标的高度，最好低于采取坐姿时肘部的高度，最多和肘部等高，这样才能最大限度地降低操作电脑时对腰背、颈部肌肉和手肌腱鞘等部位的损伤。
　　在购买鼠标时，应选用弧度高、接触面宽的。使用鼠标时应保持正确的姿势：手臂尽量不要悬空，以减轻手腕的压力；上臂和前臂的夹角呈90度左右；手腕保持自然直势，不要弯曲；靠臂力来移动鼠标而不要用腕力。
　&&白领需警惕的“时髦”职业病
　　1.光源综合症
　　长时间在过于明亮处办公会造成视神经疲劳，荧光灯发出的强烈光波可导致体内大量细胞遗传变性，扰乱生物钟，造成心理节律失调，精神不振。且因缺乏阳光下的紫外线，使缺钙所致的老年性骨折、婴幼儿佝偻病不断增多。
　　2.电脑综合症
　　长时间专注屏幕、保持同样坐姿，会引发头痛、腰痛、颈肩酸痛、眼睛疲劳、精神萎靡不振等问题。轻者看不清荧光屏上的图像文字，重者会有想呕吐的感觉，甚至抽筋、昏厥，危及生命。
　　3.熬夜综合症
　　对许多人而言，加班熬夜是家常便饭，且都市夜生活让人流连。长此以往会导致人体生物钟被干扰，神经系统、内分泌系统紊乱，继而出现食欲不振、失眠等症状，易诱发神经衰弱、高血压、溃疡病等。
　　4.夜餐综合症
　　夜晚支配胃肠道功能的副交感神经活动较白天强，胃肠对食物消化吸收能力也强，因而在夜晚经常进食过多的高热量食品，易引起肥胖、失眠、记忆力衰退、晨起不思饮食等症状。　　5.盒饭综合症
　　盒饭常使用浓重的调味品，经常食用易上火，出现咽痛、口腔溃疡、牙痛、腹胀、便秘等症状。长期食用煎炸食品，易患上肠胃不调疾病。
　　6.时间综合症
　　都市白领对时间的过分反应易产生情绪波动及生理变化现象。譬如使人对紧迫的时间感到焦躁不安、紧张过度，这样会引发心率加快、血压升高、呼吸急促等症状。
　　7.星期一综合症
　经过周末，待周一重新投入工作时难免出现周身酸痛、萎靡不振、工作效率低下等不适应现象。脑力劳动者在大脑松弛后，更难以短时紧张起来。很多单位习惯在周一做决定，使人感到更大的压力。
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hazards of Using a Laptop
Laptops and its Impact on your Health
Did you know that your convenient laptop could actually be
affecting your health, and causing a lot of inconveniences for your
body? Here are a few of the harmful effects
of&continuous laptop use.
Some of the health problems that a typical laptop user suffers
from include the ones mentioned here.
Pain in the Neck
Literally!! One of the main ergonomic drawbacks of the laptop is
that the screen and keyboard are very close together. This causes
the users to hunch, affecting them negatively. The laptop, as per
the name, is supposed to be kept on the lap and this increases the
tendency to bend the head, mounting tension in the neck which
causes pain and in certain extreme cases, can lead to disc
displacement.
Shoulder Cramp
The laptop is often used while travelling and therefore the
shoulder is compressed in order to have a better view of the
screen. This leads to cramps in the shoulder. Also, while using a
laptop, people tend to forget the right body posture as they are
engrossed with the screen.
Twitching and Swelling in the Fingers
The keys on the keyboard are very awkwardly placed and they’re
cramped to save space. While using the laptop, people may tend to
keep the fingers in discomfited positions which can cause pain in
fingers and even swellings in due course.
Vision Fatigue
As the distance between the screen of the laptop and the
keyboard is very little, the constant staring at the flashing
screen can spell sorry-sore to the eye. The reddening of the eye,
itching and blurring are some of the common problems related to the
Spine and Nerves
When we use a laptop for prolonged periods, the spine is hunched
and the vertebrae and the discs begin to degenerate. While using a
laptop, our neck-curve straightens and affects the spring-like
mechanism. When under pressure, the discs suffer a process of
spinal degeneration. The long hours can send the nerve into
irritation mode. This can lead to arthritis and nerve damage. Using
a laptop for long durations is like literally converting yourself
into a “bundle of nerves”.
The Hot Laps
You may be termed as “haute” in your immediate world, but I
guess you too would not like to experience it factually. Laptops
are supposed to be used by placing it on the lap. And while we use
it on a lap, we tend to cut off a lot of space for the heat of the
battery to escape. With excess usage in extreme cases, the laptop
may burst causing severe injuries. The reason is that laptops are
ergonomically not made for long usage.
R.S.I. (Repetitive Strain Injury)
The constant usage of the laptop causes neck and shoulder
strain, finger numbness and various other problems. We tend to
neglect all those cramps reminding ourselves that it’s just a
matter of time before it would be alright. But, the repetitive
injuries take a toll on us making us almost unable to do anything
for a long time. As the body parts are in constant use, the body
doesn’t get time to recuperate.
With the massive surge of laptops in the e-market and the
increase of laptop users, who are the corporate honchos, the hep
executives, the self employed biz-wiz, the masters of B-school, and
now even the students and the homemakers have been getting addicted
to this gizmo. Although the laptop is accused of causing several
physical problems, it is true that its importance cannot be
Discarding it completely is neither possible nor a good
judgment. But using it wisely is an option you still
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Using a laptop continuously can be a pain in the neck or an
eyesore. It can also affect your general health and wellbeing.
Here’s your guide to ensuring that you eliminate all the health
hazards of a laptop.
Here are some of the steps with the help of which a laptop can be
used without undergoing the trauma of its ill effects.
Laptops&are absolutely fine when used properly.
There are plenty of ways by which you can make yourself safer and
more comfortable while handling the world on your lap.
Get a Large Screen
People often relate a big screen with the movie-buffs. But in
reality, choosing a laptop with a wider screen helps avoid the
stressful posture that results because of straining to see the text
on a smaller screen. But if you are always on the run, a large
screen may seem like an extra baggage. The smaller screens are
useful in mobile setting. Even if you have to pick a small one,
ensure that the text on the screen is easily visible. Another fact
here, the larger the screen, the larger is the keyboard, which
makes it easier to use and doesn’t cramp your neck or wrist. If you
are unable to buy a large screened laptop, you can increase the
font size to avoid straining your eyes.
Level to the Eye
The screen should be at the same level or angle as your eyes, so
that you don’t have to bend or rotate your head in order to keep
your eyes on the screen. Ideally keep the laptop a forearm’s length
away from you.
Use a Separate Mouse
A separate mouse gives you some freedom to move your wrists
better. You can keep the mouse by the side of the laptop which
helps in keeping the wrists flat and saves you from wrist
Use a Separate Keyboard
The screen and the keyboard of the laptop are very close, which
forces you to stick your face onto the screen. Therefore, it exerts
a pressure on the eyes, resulting in strain and puffy eyes. You can
connect a separate keyboard, positioning it in a manner that allows
your shoulder to be straight. The elbow should be at 90 degrees to
the keyboard.
Take a Break
Take short breaks every two hours and keep the eyes off the
screen every half hour for a minute or two. Make regular breaks a
habitual routine. If you’re moving around, there’s a lot less
stress on your muscles and joints. Regular breaks will relieve the
upper body tension.
Recline Slightly
If you can’t use a separate keyboard and mouse, an alternative
is to find a chair that allows you to recline slightly. This will
allow you to position the laptop keyboard and mouse in such a way
that it would exert the least strain on your neck. Angle the screen
slightly upwards so you can view the screen without having to bend
your neck too far down.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
How to use a laptop effectively, so you can reduce or eliminate
possible sprains and injuries completely? Here are a few great tips
to ensure that your laptop doesn’t affect your body
negatively.
Tips to Reduce Laptop Strains and Injuries
Prop up your Feet
If your chair is such that your arms and wrists aren’t
positioned comfortably, try changing your chair instead of
adjusting to it. Don’t forget that the chair you are sitting on is
for your comfort, and not vice versa. Your knees should be at the
same level as your hips. And if it is not so, keep a footrest under
your feet to keep off excess strain build-up.
Make your chair work for you
The type of office chair you use is critical. Basically, any
office chair that is fully adjustable and has lumbar support will
work, but you need to be sure to set it up correctly.
Don’t Sprawl
In spite of its name, the laptop should not be used on the lap,
as it makes you slump down on the screen resulting in neck and
shoulder pain and various other problems. If circumstances compel
you to use the laptop on the lap, keep a travel bag or the laptop
bag on your lap to make the screen higher and minimize your chances
of bending low on it.
Travel Light
Be careful when carrying your laptop around. All the accessories
in a laptop bag may add up to weigh more than your regular workout
weights. If you have to carry your bag around to work and then back
home, have two pairs of all the accessories, so you don’t have to
carry everything back and forth.
Filter your Vision
Fit your laptop with antiglare filters. It helps reduce the
eye-strain you get from staring at shiny reflective screens all
day. Antiglare filters make you blink less while looking at them.
If you don’t like the thought of an antiglare screen over your
laptop, you could pick up some blingy dandy antiglare spectacles
for your eyes.
Use a laptop stand
You may not know this, but you do get a laptop stand these days.
So use a laptop stand to keep the level of the screen and the level
of your eyes parallel. It minimizes the chances of ruining your
With the stretched working hours and the grind of the rigmarole
routine, it’s hard to take stress out of our lives, but you can
convert the agony of long laptop hours to an enjoyable and
professionally fulfilling experience.
Remember that laptops are instruments to take you to the
sky to harvest limitless opportunities while you’re on the move,
and not to cause physical flaws. So use it wisely.
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这村里啥东西都有啊！
能治疗腰椎间盘突出不？
好牛逼的样子
对 第4楼 爆菊王 说：＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝＝此物名曰 腰椎挺 专治各种突出
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